為了進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)煤礦安全生產(chǎn)工作，全面提升煤礦安全保障能力，根據(jù)《國家安全監(jiān)督總局國家煤礦安監(jiān)局關(guān)于建設(shè)完善煤礦井下安全避險(xiǎn)“六大系統(tǒng)”（指檢測監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)、井下人員定位系統(tǒng)、緊急避難系統(tǒng)、壓風(fēng)自救系統(tǒng)、供水施救系統(tǒng)和通信聯(lián)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)）的通知》，在2012年6月底前，所有煤（巖） 與瓦斯（二氧化碳）突出礦井，中央企業(yè)和國有重點(diǎn)煤礦中的高瓦斯、開采容易自然煤層的礦井，要完成緊急避險(xiǎn)系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)完善工作；2013年6月底前，其他所有煤礦要完成緊急避險(xiǎn)系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)完善工作。

      In order to further strengthen coal mine safety production and comprehensively improve coal mine safety assurance capabilities, according to the “Six systems” (referring to the detection and monitoring system, underground personnel positioning system, Emergency Evacuation System, Pressure Air Self-rescue System, Water Supply and Rescue System and Communication and Liaison System). Before the end of June 2012, all coal (rock) and gas (carbon dioxide) outburst mines, central enterprises and key state-owned coal mines Mines with high gas content and natural coal seams that are easy to mine must complete the construction and improvement of the emergency avoidance system; before the end of June 2013, all other coal mines must complete the construction and improvement of the emergency avoidance system.

 · 相變材料概述

         Overview of Phase Change Materials

   相變材料定義（Definition of phase change material）

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      相變材料（PCM-Phase Change Material）是指隨溫度變化而改變物理狀態(tài)并能提供潛熱的物質(zhì)，其通過改變物理狀態(tài)從外界吸收或向外界放出大量的熱量，以此來達(dá)到對周邊環(huán)境溫度的影響和控制。

       Phase change material (PCM-Phase Change Material) refers to a substance that changes its physical state with temperature changes and can provide latent heat. By changing its physical state, it absorbs or releases a large amount of heat from the outside world to achieve the temperature of the surrounding environment. Influence and control.

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      我司相變材料采用非常穩(wěn)定的強(qiáng)酸強(qiáng)堿鹽，其化學(xué)性能穩(wěn)定，通過物理狀態(tài)的變化來蓄能制冷并應(yīng)用于避難硐室內(nèi)。相變材料的應(yīng)用研發(fā)在我國已經(jīng)列為*********研發(fā)利用序列，將成為溫控領(lǐng)域的******綠色節(jié)能溫控載體。

      Our phase change materials use very stable strong acid and strong alkali salts, with stable chemical properties. They can store energy for refrigeration through changes in physical conditions and apply them to refuge chambers. The application R&D of phase change materials has been listed as a national R&D utilization sequence in my country, and will become the best green energy-saving temperature control carrier in the field of temperature control.

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· 避難硐室相變制冷方案

     Phase change refrigeration scheme for refuge chamber

     ·相變材料用量計(jì)算

     · Calculation of the amount of phase change material

   人體平均功率大約為200W，睡覺和看電視時(shí)大約為75W，平均每個(gè)人24小時(shí)代謝水平為11.88MJ，按照相變材料的潛熱為350KJ/KG，每天需要約34KG相變材料，4天則需136KG，按照硐室涉及人數(shù)來確定相變材料用量。

   The average power of the human body is about 200W, while sleeping and watching TV is about 75W, and the average 24-hour metabolic level of each person is 11.88MJ. According to the latent heat of the phase change material is 350KJ/KG, it needs about 34KG phase change material per day, and it takes 4 days. 136KG, according to the number of people involved in the chamber to determine the amount of phase change material.

        ·  現(xiàn)行主流的相變制冷方案 

        · Current mainstream phase change refrigeration scheme

· 自然水冷相變儲能袋

    · Natural water-cooled phase change energy storage bag

      如井下環(huán)境溫度適宜或井下用水溫條件適宜（<24℃），可將鋁箔袋裝相變材料，裝入金屬箱體內(nèi)，擺放在避難硐室中，平時(shí)采用風(fēng)冷或水冷技術(shù)使相變材料處于結(jié)晶狀態(tài)。

      If the underground environment temperature is appropriate or the underground water temperature conditions are appropriate (<24℃), the phase change material can be packed in aluminum foil bags, put into the metal box, and placed in the refuge chamber. Air-cooled or water-cooled technology is usually used to make the phase change. The material is in a crystalline state.

· 掛簾式相變儲能片

     · Curtain type phase change energy storage film

     掛簾式相變儲能片解決了在救生硐室內(nèi)長期存儲、釋冷速度和安裝空間的問題。采用掛簾式，可依據(jù)硐室生存長度和兩側(cè)直立墻壁的高度來設(shè)計(jì)之家尺寸，采取垂直雙重雙層或多層安裝，隨意移動，占用面積小，雙面吸熱，吸熱面積0.039㎡。

      The curtain type phase change energy storage film solves the problems of long-term storage, cooling speed and installation space in the rescue chamber. With curtain type, the size of the house can be designed according to the living length of the chamber and the height of the upright walls on both sides. It adopts vertical double-layer or multi-layer installation, which can be moved at will, occupying a small area, double-sided heat absorption, heat absorption area 0.039 ㎡.

· 相變降溫服（Phase change cooling suit）

    一套相變降溫服：一件阻燃防靜電馬甲 + 一套相變冰袋。

   A set of phase change cooling suit: a flame-retardant anti-static vest + a set of phase change ice packs.

1、馬甲為均碼設(shè)計(jì)，尺寸大小可由肩部及腰部魔術(shù)貼調(diào)節(jié)；

1. The vest is one size fits all design, the size can be adjusted by Velcro on the shoulder and waist；

2、相變冰袋包裹材料為鋁箔膜，鋁箔膜具有高熱傳導(dǎo)性并能有效防止熱輻射；

2. The packaging material of the phase change ice pack is aluminum foil film, which has high thermal conductivity and can effectively prevent heat radiation；

3、相變冰袋可置于室內(nèi)陰涼處（20度以下適宜）使相變材料蓄冷結(jié)晶，如需迅速    蓄冷，可置于空調(diào)或冰箱內(nèi)冷卻，冷卻時(shí)間不宜超過20分鐘，一次蓄冷可連續(xù)使用4小時(shí)；

3. The phase change ice pack can be placed in a cool indoor place (below 20 degrees is suitable) to make the phase change material cool and crystallize. If you need to quickly store the cold, it can be placed in an air conditioner or refrigerator to cool down. The cooling time should not exceed 20 minutes. One cold storage can be used continuously 4 hours；

4、相變降溫服如不使用，需放置在20℃以下環(huán)境保存；

4. If the phase change cooling suit is not used, it should be stored in an environment below 20℃；

5、相變冰袋內(nèi)填相變材料，安全無毒，無氣味，可反復(fù)使用5000次以上。

5. The phase change ice bag is filled with phase change material, which is safe, non-toxic, odorless, and can be used repeatedly for more than 5000 times.

· 救生硐室/艙壁 相變板

     Rescue Chamber/Bulkhead Phase Change Plate

     相變板是由HDPE（高密度聚乙烯）作為封裝材料，內(nèi)部填充相變材料做成板材或者管材。HDPE具有高熱傳導(dǎo)性，耐熱，耐摔等特性。相變板可平鋪擺放在硐室的墻壁內(nèi)。

      The phase change board is made of HDPE (high-density polyethylene) as the packaging material, and the phase change material is filled inside to make a sheet or pipe. HDPE has high thermal conductivity, heat resistance, and drop resistance. The phase change board can be placed flat in the wall of the chamber.